Cochrane News

Polycystic Ovary Syndrome Awareness Month

4 years 6 months ago

September is  Polycystic Ovary Syndrome Awareness Month and is an excellent time to focus on the latest Cochrane evidence.

Polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS) is a common condition with three main features:

  • menstrual cycle problems, such as irregular periods or having no periods (meaning the ovaries do not release eggs)
  • high levels of "male" hormones – hirsutism (excessive hair growth) or elevated testosterone
  • polycystic ovaries – the ovaries contain many fluid-filled sacs (follicles) that surround the eggs.

Being overweight worsens the clinical features of PCOS. These clinical features include reproductive issues such as irregular menstrual cycles reduced frequency of ovulation, reduced fertility, polycystic ovaries on ultrasound and high levels of male hormones such as testosterone. The elevated hormone levels can cause unwanted facial or body hair growth and acne. PCOS is also associated with metabolic features, with risk factors for diabetes and cardiovascular disease including high levels of insulin or insulin resistance and abnormal cholesterol levels. PCOS affects quality of life and can worsen anxiety and depression either due to its symptoms or due to the diagnosis of a chronic disease. There is no cure for PCOS, but symptoms can be treated.

Cochrane Gynaecology and Fertility  (CGF) Group is concerned with the systematic evaluation of the management and treatment of menstrual disorders and subfertility. CGF carries out extensive searches for all relevant randomised controlled trials both published and unpublished; scrutinises each trial for its relevance and quality; critically appraises trials; draws conclusions based on pooling data about how their net result should be applied in healthcare; and produces structured reports (systematic reviews) for widespread dissemination to health care providers and planners, and to consumers.

CGF has published 19 systematic reviews on the effectiveness and safety of various interventions for the treatment and management of PCOS.

Here is the curated list of our Cochrane systematic reviews on PCOS:

Review updates in development

Stable reviews

 

Tuesday, August 30, 2022
Muriah Umoquit

Call for #CochraneLondon Social Media Ambassadors - Let's get social

4 years 6 months ago

If you are attending the Cochrane Colloquium and already share the work of Cochrane, health evidence, or evidence synthesis methodology with your social media followers, then sign up and be an official #CochraneLondon Ambassador!  Report live from the Colloquium, interview speakers, share some of the insights from each day, and go behind the scenes - all while being recognized for your work! 

Cochrane UK is hosting Cochrane’s Colloquium in London, UK, 4-6 September 2023. Cochrane’s Colloquium is a global health event for everyone with an interest in the use of evidence in healthcare decision making including those engaged in evidence production, co-production, dissemination, implementation and policy making, as well as those making individual healthcare decisions. Through talks, workshops, and other activities and presentations, we will be exploring this year's theme of “Forward together for trusted evidence”.

You can find Cochrane on TwitterFacebookYouTube, and Instagram. We want to open up the discussion and learning that will be had at our event to everyone who wants to be involved, not just attendees and not just our regular followers. By working with others on social media, we hope to explore some of the key conference themes and highlight the work of Cochrane to new audiences including patients, health practitioners, policy-makers, guideline developers, health and science journalists, and researchers. 

#CochraneLondon Ambassadors would be comprised of those attending the colloquium that are very active on social media and maintain an established, public presence on either Twitter, Instagram, LinkedIn, Facebook, and/or TikTok.  We are looking for a dedicated group of social media users who will actively post before and during the Colloquium using the #CochraneLondon hashtag to create and maintain the buzz around the upcoming event and during the event itself. 

What we are looking for in volunteers:

  • Attending the Colloquium - preference will be given to those attending the Colloquium, although we may be open to those who want to follow along on social media. 
  • Creators of content in any language - we are interested in working with English and non-English creators.
  • Established on social media - we are looking for podcasters, bloggers, tweeters, Instagrammers, YouTubers, TikTokers...any social media platform is great! Specialize in one or have many! You are already comfortable on your chosen platform and know how to optimize it for your followers to follow along with your experiences (e.g. using video, live tweeting).
  • Have an established audience interested in health or evidence-based medicine - your audience may be interested in one specific clinical area or health issue or have a more general interest.

What you'll do: 

  • Post in the lead-up to the Colloquium - share that you will be attending and then at the Colloquium, share the experience with your audience. We'll also invite you to share a short video of yourself or get a quote from you about why you are attending the event to be shared on our main accounts. 
  • Live post during the Colloquium - videos, photos, sharing quotes from sessions, live tweeting! We want to see (and share!) your experience at the Colloquium. 
  • Share using the official hashtag - use #CochraneLondon so that we can see your posts and help boost the signal from Cochrane's official accounts.  We'd also like you to interact with others using the hashtag before, during, and after the Colloquium.
  • Use your own voice and share your own opinions - we would like you to write in your style and share content that suits your audience. You are welcome to share your opinion on Cochrane or the topics being discussed but it's important that it is clear you are giving your own opinion and not 'speaking for Cochrane'. Please see our Spokesperson Policy.
  • Respond to comments and encourage discussion - discussion and debate is great! We are looking for people who use live tweeting or video to encourage people to be active participants. However, we don't encourage responding to abusive comments or comments not relevant to the matter under discussion. If individuals would like to raise issues with Cochrane outside of the scope of the social media conversation or have questions that Cochrane would be better suited to answer, please direct individuals to our 'Contact Us' page.
  • Have a respectful voice and be a moderator - all posts and responses should be polite and respect others' views; even if you don't agree.
  • Share your final thoughts and takeaway learning - we'd love for you to reflect on the experience in a blog post write-up.  If you are interested, it may be possible to have your blog posted on one of our websites. 

What selected #CochraneLondon Ambassadors will receive:

  • Recognition on the official #CochraneLondon website - with your social media accounts noted to get extra exposure.
  • Cochrane.org feature - be featured in a news item on Cochrane.org about the chosen Ambassadors that links out to your social media accounts; great for increasing your audience but also identifying others you may wish to collaborate with.
  • Ambassador badge - your Colloquium name tag will get a special badge on it to make you easily identifiable as one of our Ambassadors. 
  • Access to ambassador area - a special area to meet up during breaks! A space beyond the bustle of the Colloquium to work on your laptop, conduct an interview, or charge your devices.
  • Networking with others doing social media - join a special networking event on the first day to kick off the Colloquium and meet future collaborators. 
  • Network with Cochrane staff - a chance to meet and chat with Cochrane's Communication Department who run Cochrane and Cochrane Library social media accounts - ask them questions and network! 
  • Exclusive graphics - access to a  folder of social media graphics you may use. We will also create some personalized ones with your headshot!
  • Exclusive pictures - access to a folder of the Colloquium after each day and a chance to get new headshots taken.
  • Certificate of Appreciation - an official digital Cochrane Certificate of Appreciation that can be added to your social media or resume. 
  • Cochrane Membership - membership points will be added to give you one year of Cochrane Membership. 

How to apply:
Complete and submit this short survey by July 31, 2023 telling us about yourself, your social media accounts, and why you would like to get involved. Please note that this is an unpaid, volunteer opportunity. Those applying will be reviewed by the Colloquium Communications Committee and contacted directly. 

Thursday, February 16, 2023
Muriah Umoquit

Cochrane Clinical Answers related to COVID-19

4 years 11 months ago

Readable, clinically-focused, actionable answers to inform point-of-care decision-making for health professionals. 

Cochrane Clinical Answers (CCAs) provide a readable, digestible, clinically-focused entry point to rigorous research from Cochrane Reviews. They are designed to be actionable and to inform point-of-care decision-making. Each CCA contains a clinical question, a short answer, and data for the outcomes from the Cochrane Review deemed most relevant to practicing healthcare professionals. The evidence is displayed in a user-friendly tabulated format that includes narratives, data, and links to graphics.

COVID-19 CCAs are available for free. Latest COVID CCAs:

Get involved: The clinical answer is written either by a practicing clinician or by a CCA Editor, with the answer being peer-reviewed by a practicing clinician. If you would like to join the Clinical Answers authoring team, please contact the team at clinicalanswers@cochrane.org. We are specifically looking for clinicians in the following areas: respiratory medicine; care of the elderly; cardiovascular medicine; pregnancy and childbirth; neurology - especially epilepsy; infectious disease; paediatrics; rheumatology; ENT; and urology.

Tuesday, December 13, 2022
Muriah Umoquit

Endometriosis Awareness Month 2022

5 years ago

March is Endometriosis Awareness Month. Endometriosis is an inflammatory condition where endometrial tissue (tissue similar to the lining of the uterus) grows outside of the uterus. It is estimated that 1 in 10 women have endometriosis (Zondervan 2020). Endometriosis frequently presents with the symptom of pain including dysmenorrhoea (painful periods), dyspareunia (pain during sexual intercourse), and chronic pelvic or abdominal pain. Endometriosis can cause infertility and for women with subfertility the prevalence rate ranges from 25% to 40% (Ozkan 2008).

Cochrane Gynaecology and Fertility group has published over 20 intervention reviews and protocols investigating the effectiveness and safety of treatments for the management of endometriosis. In addition, they have published five diagnostic test accuracy reviews assessing the effectiveness of various tests in the diagnosis of endometriosis. They are joining #EndometriosisAwarenessMonth by sharing an updated collection of their reviews on endometriosis that focus on pain-related outcomes and fertility outcomes. The treatments include pharmacological interventions (hormonal therapy, immune-modulators, anti‐inflammatory drugs), surgery, and alternative medicine. Throughout Endometriosis Awareness Month, they will be also sharing blogs that include relevant Cochrane evidence and other information to help inform women’s decisions about endometriosis diagnosis and treatment. 

Tuesday, March 1, 2022
Muriah Umoquit

Get Social with Cochrane!

5 years ago

We aim to put Cochrane evidence at the heart of health decision-making all over the world. This not only means producing high-quality and relevant systematic reviews but making sure that our evidence is accessible and advocating for evidence. Join us on social media to learn more about the work we do, our community, and the health evidence we produce.

You can access Cochrane evidence and news on your favourite social media platform! Follow us on:

We love to engage with our Community   Be sure to tag a Cochrane social media account  so that we see the post. 

Share a picture of you enjoying Cochrane training, using the Cochrane Handbook, or share the latest Cochrane evidence. Your social media posts can earn you contribution points to work towards gaining full Cochrane Membership! Share, tag us, and add  your contribution to your free account. 

If you're interested in learning more about sharing on social media, check out these resources:

Wednesday, November 1, 2023
Muriah Umoquit

Collection of Cochrane evidence on diagnosing tuberculosis

5 years 1 month ago

The Union Conference, a world conference on lung health, is taking place 8-11 November 2022. To mark this, Cochrane Infectious Diseases have released an updated collection on diagnosing tuberculosis, which highlights Cochrane Reviews relevant to this topic. 

Tuberculosis continues to cause great suffering worldwide. According to the World Health Organization (WHO), in 2021 an estimated 10.6 million people developed tuberculosis, an increase of 4.5% from 2020. 

This collection includes selected systematic reviews from Cochrane Infectious Diseases and other international teams that underpin three WHO consolidated guidelines on systematic screening for tuberculosis disease and on rapid diagnostics for detection of tuberculosis and tuberculosis drug resistance.  The collection highlights how Cochrane evidence contributes within a wider landscape of tuberculosis evidence and guidelines. 

 

Lead image credit: The Global Fund/Jonas Gratzer

Monday, November 7, 2022
Muriah Umoquit

VIDEO: What are systematic reviews?

5 years 2 months ago

A systematic review attempts to identify, appraise and synthesize all the empirical evidence that meets pre-specified eligibility criteria to answer a specific research question. Researchers conducting systematic reviews use explicit, systematic methods that are selected with a view aimed at minimizing bias, to produce more reliable findings to inform decision making. 

Here is a video from Cochrane Consumers and Communication that explains what a systematic review is clearly and simply for people who may not be familiar with the concepts and terminology of systematic reviews: what they are, how researchers prepare them, and why they’re an important part of making informed decisions about health - for everyone. 

Cochrane evidence provides a powerful tool to enhance your healthcare knowledge and decision making. This video from Cochrane Sweden explains a bit about how we create health evidence, including systematic reviews, and other activities of Cochrane. 

Thursday, January 13, 2022
Anonymous

Cochrane evidence in different languages

6 years 1 month ago

Only about 6% of the world’s population are native English speakers, and 75% of people don’t speak English at all.

Many people do not have access to high-quality health information, because it is not available in a language that they understand. We translate Cochrane evidence to make it more accessible, and to reduce the linguistic barrier to global evidence-informed health decisions.

Cochrane groups in different parts of the world lead our knowledge translation activities in different languages. They translate Cochrane Reviews and related content, such as podcasts or blogshots. They also produce and share information in their language, do social media, work with professional societies, policy makers, patient groups or the media in their country, and offer training.

We have published more than 49,000 translations of Cochrane health evidence summaries across 20 languages as of January 2024.

Read Cochrane evidence on cochrane.org in different languages. You can see all available languages on the top of each page on cochrane.org, and click on it to switch the language. Or click here:

Most translated Cochrane Reviews:

Cochrane podcasts in different languages: Cochrane podcasts are a short audio summary of a Cochrane review and have been recorded in 40+ languages.

Monday, February 12, 2024
Muriah Umoquit

What is Cochrane?

6 years 4 months ago

Cochrane exists so that healthcare decisions get better.

Cochrane is a global independent network of researchers, professionals, patients, carers, and people interested in health. Many of our contributors are world leaders in their fields - medicine, health policy, research methodology, or consumer advocacy - and our groups are situated in some of the world's most respected academic and medical institutions.

Cochrane  contributors work together to produce credible, accessible health information that is free from commercial sponsorship and other conflicts of interest. This is vital for us to generate authoritative and reliable information, working freely, unconstrained by commercial and financial interests. We gather and analyze the  best available evidence to help people make informed decisions about health and health care. These are called systematic reviews. Our work is recognized as representing an international gold standard for high quality, trusted information.


The need for Cochrane's work is even greater than it was when we started in 1993. As access to health evidence increases, so do the risks of misinterpreting complex content; meanwhile the likelihood of any one person getting a complete and balanced picture decreases. Our mission to provide accessible, credible information to support informed decision-making has never been more important or useful for improving global health.

Friday, October 7, 2022
Muriah Umoquit

Cochrane Podcasts: Listen to Cochrane evidence in under 5 minutes

7 years 1 month ago

Keeping up with the latest in health evidence made easy!

For over 30 years, Cochrane has been at the forefront of producing healthcare evidence synthesises. We collaborate with experts worldwide to provide authoritative, relevant, and reliable evidence.

In just under 5 minutes, our podcast episodes feature Cochrane review authors simplifying complex findings into plain language. Whether you're a healthcare professional or a patient, you can easily grasp the latest Cochrane evidence and gain the confidence to make informed decisions.

Explore our extensive podcast library and stay updated by subscribing on Apple Podcasts, Google Podcasts, or Spotify. Your source for Cochrane evidence that's easily understood is just a click away.

Tuesday, November 7, 2023
Muriah Umoquit

Clinical Trials Day 2023

7 years 10 months ago

Clinical Trials Day is celebrated on 20 May marking the day in 1747 on which James Lind is believed to have begun the first known controlled trial, comparing different treatments for scurvy which was common among sailors in the British Royal Navy. Watch a video explaining the trial to see history in the making.

Learn about Cochrane systematic reviews and how clinical trials are used:


Advocacy on clinical trial transparency

Registering and reporting the results of clinical trials is an ethical, and often legal, responsibility. However, it is well documented that the results of many studies are never published. This contributes to research waste and can even lead to people being harmed.  Cochrane’s community is active in campaigning for improved clinical trial transparency.

During the last 12 months, there have been major milestones in this area. At last year’s World Health Assembly, WHO Member States adopted a resolution on clinical trials which references transparency obligations. As well as demonstrating high-level political support for the importance of robust, transparent clinical trial practices, the resolution has spearheaded a number of activities as part of its implementation.

In addition, the UK Government recently announced new stricter legislation formalising the requirements to register and report on clinical trials in a timely manner. This is in line with our long-term advocacy recommendations.

However, there is still much more to be done in this area.

Cochrane’s systematic reviews rely upon the results of clinical trials. To assess the effectiveness and safety of healthcare interventions, we need to know what trials were done, how they were conducted and what their findings were. Without access to detailed information from all clinical trials, we cannot have a full picture of the evidence.

"While it is heartening to have seen some significant improvements in clinical trial transparency in recent years, there is still much more to be done worldwide," says Emma Thompson, Cochrane Advocacy and Partnership Lead."Cochrane will continue to push for the fulfilment of this key ethical, and often legal, responsibility."

Cochrane's clinical trial transparency advocacy:  Cochrane Library systematic reviews of interest: 

 

Friday, May 19, 2023
Muriah Umoquit

Updated review: Insufficient evidence for use of Omega-3 supplements in treating depression

8 years 4 months ago

Updated Cochrane research concludes that there is insufficient evidence for the use of Omega-3 fatty acid supplements in treating major depressive disorder.

Omega-3 fatty acids are widely thought to be essential for good health and are naturally found in fatty fish such as mackerel; other seafood; and some nuts and seeds.

Omega-3 fatty acids have been widely promoted globally for a variety of health concerns, and are readily available as an over-the-counter supplement. These supplements have hugely increased in popularity over the last decade, together with a range of other supplements including ginseng, garlic, green tea, vitamins, minerals, and herbal products.

There have been various studies that have suggested a role for Omega-3 fatty acid supplementation in treating major depressive disorder. Adults with major depressive disorders are characterized by depressed mood or a lack of pleasure in previously enjoyed activities for at least two weeks, in the absence of any physical cause, that impact on everyday life.

Figures published in 2018 estimated prevalence rates for major depressive disorders of 163 million cases in 2017, and global incidence rates of 242 million cases, resulting in 33 million years lived with disability globally, an increase of 12.6% since 2007.


This updated Cochrane Review, published recently in the Cochrane Library, gathered together data from 28 randomized trials involving a total of 1944 participants. The trials investigated the impact of giving an Omega-3 fatty acid supplement in a capsule form and compared it to a dummy pill. In one study, involving 40 participants, researchers also investigated the impact of the same supplementation compared to an anti-depressant treatment.

The Cochrane authors found that, whilst people who were given Omega-3 fatty acids reported lower symptom scores than people with the dummy pill, the effect was small and there were important limitations that undermined their confidence in the results. Their analyses showed that although similar numbers of people experienced side effects, more data would be required to understand the risks of taking Omega-3 fatty acids.



Lead author Katherine Appleton from Bournemouth University said, “This is an update of an existing Cochrane Review, using the same methods as we previously used, with some refinements. The update includes 8 randomised controlled trials published since 2015, in addition to the 20 trials included in the previous review.

Our conclusions however remain unchanged. We found a small-to-modest positive effect of Omega-3 fatty acids compared to placebo for depressive symptomology, but the size of this effect is unlikely to be meaningful to people with depression, and we considered the evidence on which this conclusion was based to be of low or very low quality. All studies contributing to our analyses were of direct relevance to our research question, but most of these studies are small and of low quality. We also found insufficient evidence to clearly determine the effects of omega-3 oils on negative side effects or when compared with anti-depressants.”

She added, “At present, we just don’t have enough high-quality evidence to determine the effects of Omega-3 fatty acids as a treatment for major depressive disorder. It’s important that people who suffer from depression are aware of this, so that they can make more informed choices about treatment.”

 

Tuesday, December 7, 2021
Nancy Owens
Checked
17 hours 37 minutes ago
Subscribe to Cochrane News feed